We investigated the effects of probability on visual search. Previous work has shown that people can utilize spatial and sequential probability information to improve target detection. We hypothesized ...

Before ChatGPT could write essays, explain tax code, or summarize earnings reports, it had to master something far simpler but no less profound: probability. While headlines may credit “artificial ...

We elaborate on an alternative representation of conditional probability to the usual tree diagram. We term the representation “turtleback diagram” for its resemblance to the pattern on turtle shells.