one way to do that is the chi-squared test. 4. Each chi squared value for each letter is then added up to the total. The total is the chi-squared statistic for that encryption key. 5. The encryption ...

representing the percentage likelihood). The most common letter in the english language is ``e`` with a frequency of ``0.11162`` or ``11.162%``. The test is completed in the following fashion. 1. The ...